The ideal health care system must approach health comprehensively since so many factors affect our health. Health researchers have increasingly focused on Social Determinents of Health (SDOH). Everything from socioeconomic status to living situation and environment impacts health outcomes. Our health care system faces critical challenges, especially in helping an aging population, because it has typically not had effective ways to address these SDOH. Fortunately, home care is transforming how health care is delivered and offering a solutions-based, real-world approach.
Health Care Challenges, Home Care Solutions
The top 5% of patients drive 50% of healthcare costs in the U.S.
And, while the U.S. spends more per capita than other developed countries on health care, our outcomes are generally not better. The reasons for those cost differences are complex, but clearly there is disparity on whom the dollars are being spent. And, the causes of those costs are largely preventable and manageable.
Our system has not addressed chronic care effectively.
Our healthcare system focuses a lot on the most expensive, complex, acute care. We can triage and treat car accident or gunshot victims expertly. Our hospitals and treatment centers offer advanced diagnostics and treatments for acute disease. However, we do not focus significant resources on prevention and long-term needs for chronic conditions. Beyond the costs, this translates into poor quality of life for such patients in many cases. There are a lot of reasons for this, but we’ll focus on one of the key solutions.
Home Care Solution: Chronic Care Support
For those living with chronic conditions (or multiple conditions), 90% of their “health care” takes place outside of a hospital or doctor’s office. They need to manage their condition at home with medications, nutrition, lifestyle support and monitoring. Yet, we know this is where things break down. Home care offers evidence-based solutions, including:
Medication management helps prevent medication errors (made by ½ of seniors, resulting in hospitalizations, nursing home admissions, and even death) and ensures clients take medications as directed. Caregivers also help spot side effects or problems by being another set of eyes and ears in the home.
Nutrition: Eating right positively affects health and is absolutely essential to many conditions, like diabetes, high blood pressure, and cardiovascular problems. Home care may include meal planning, shopping, preparation, and even mealtime companionship. All of this helps the patient stay on track with the diet that’s best for them.
Monitoring and Prevention: A doctor might see a patient once/quarter or less. When a patient goes to the hospital, the medical staff has little insight into the person’s background or lifestyle. And, they have little control over what happens when the person leaves the hospital. Caregivers can provide this missing link. They can help patients monitor their condition and spot issues. Additionally, personal care services and household support ensures a healthy environment...where the patient is most of the time.
Care coordination bridges the gaps for consistency and communication between providers and in different settings.
Functional limitations triple healthcare costs.
$740 billion/year of healthcare costs are due to functional limitations. When someone has limited mobility or difficulties with self-care, they are more likely to experience health crises. Direct and indirect costs from falls alone rack up over $19 billion. And, our ERs are full of people suffering from these mostly preventable crises.
Functional Assistance in the Home
A home care plan addresses the person’s functional limitations with ADL and IADL support. A care manager can evaluate the home environment for safety hazards, make recommendations, and create a tailored plan for health at home.